Java Frameworks - Spring

The Spring Framework is a layered Java - framework. The Spring Framework provides a simple approach to development that does away with numerous properties files and helper classes that litter projects. Key features of the Spring Framework include powerful Java Beans-based configuration management, applying Inversion-of-Control (IoC) principles, a core bean factory, usable in any environment, from applets to J2EE containers, generic abstraction layer for database transaction management, allowing for plug-able transaction managers, and making it easy to demarcate transactions without dealing with low-level issues and JDBC abstraction layer with a meaningful exception hierarchy.

Spring addresses important areas that many other popular frameworks leave alone. Spring focuses around providing a way to manage your business objects. Spring is both comprehensive and modular. Spring has a layered architecture, meaning that you can choose to use just about any part of it in isolation, yet its architecture is internally consistent. You might choose to use Spring only to simplify use of JDBC, for example, or you might choose to use Spring to manage all your business objects. And it's easy to introduce Spring incrementally into existing projects. Spring is designed from the ground up to help you write code that's easy to test. Spring is an ideal framework for test driven projects. Spring is an increasingly important integration technology, its role recognized by several large vendors.

Spring can effectively organize your middle tier objects, whether or not you choose to use EJB. Spring takes care of plumbing that would be left up to you if you use only Struts or other frameworks geared to particular J2EE APIs. And while it is perhaps most valuable in the middle tier, Spring's configuration management services can be used in any architectural layer, in whatever runtime environment. Spring can eliminate the need to use a variety of custom properties file formats, by handling configuration in a consistent way throughout applications and projects.

With Spring you simply look at the class's JavaBean properties or constructor arguments. The use of Inversion of Control and Dependency Injection helps achieve this simplification. Spring can facilitate good programming practice by reducing the cost of programming to interfaces, rather than classes, almost to zero. Spring is designed so that applications built with it depend on as few of its APIs as possible.

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